Frugivory performed by birds on different tree species in forest with araucaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v15i2.2610Keywords:
Birdlife , seed dispersal , plant-animal interactionsAbstract
– Frugivory and seed dispersal carried out by birds are mutualistic relationships considered of great importance for the maintenance and regeneration of forest species. Understanding the ecological interactions between birds and plants helps in comprehending their evolutionary processes. The aim of this study was to expand the knowledge about birds that engage in frugivory and may be potential dispersers of some native tree species in remnants of Araucaria Forest. Focal observations were conducted on three individuals of 12 tree species, totaling 1,080 hours of observation. We observed visiting birds, the number of individuals of each species, the duration of the visit, the number of fruits consumed, and the behavior of birds while picking fruits. Observations were made using binoculars, with the observer positioned approximately three meters away from the mother plant in the morning period from 6:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. We recorded the interaction of 70 bird species consuming the fruits of the studied tree species. Out of this total, 25 bird species can be considered dispersers of their seeds, with the Thraupidae family standing out the most, and the birds swallowing the majority of the consumed fruits whole. The results obtained in this study expand the knowledge about frugivory, demonstrating the importance of the mutualistic interaction that occurs between birds and tree species in the Araucaria Forest.
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