Uso médico, terapéutico y farmacéutico de Cyperus articulatus L.
una Revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v10i3.1497Palabras clave:
Actividad de Cyperus articulatus, propiedades de Cyperaceae, propiedades farmacológicas de priprioca, actividad médica y terapéutica de Cyperus articulatusResumen
Cyperus articulatus L., perteneciente a la familia Cyperaceae, es una especie vegetal que presenta flores casi insignificantes en sus extremos. Los tallos de la especie producen tubeÌrculos que al cortarse desprenden un olor fresco, amaderado y especiado; se utilizan tradicionalmente en baños y en la fabricacioÌn de colonias artesanales en el norte de Brasil. AdemaÌs de su uso en cosmeÌtica y perfumeriÌa, la planta tambieÌn tiene propiedades medicinales y farmacoloÌgicas. Entre las propiedades farmacoloÌgicas se encuentran los efectos antimalaÌricos, sedantes, hepatoprotectores, anticonceptivos sobre el sistema nervioso central (SNC), insecticidas, antimicrobianos, anticanceriÌgenos, antioxidantes, anticonvulsivos, antococosis. Los metabolitos encontrados relacionados con las actividades mencionadas fueron ciperotundona, alfa-ciperona, mustacona para la actividad antimalaÌrica en el extracto clorofoÌrmico de los rizomas de priprioca. En la decoccioÌn de rizomas de C. articulatus se encontraron flavonoides, saponinas, azuÌcares, triterpenos y poliuronidas con propiedades sedantes. Los metabolitos implicados en la funcioÌn hepatoprotectora, el efecto anticonceptivo y el efecto del sistema nervioso central no se encontraron en la literatura. Los metabolitos aromaÌticos de mono y sesquiterpenos se han relacionado con las propiedades insecticidas en el extracto metanoÌlico de rizoma. En los extractos etanoÌlicos y clorofoÌrmicos de rizomas, los metabolitos α y β-pineno estaban relacionados con la actividad antimicrobiana. Los compuestos sesquiterpenos y monoterpenos que se encuentran en el aceite esencial de C. articulatus estaban relacionados con propiedades anticanceriÌgenas. Los compuestos fenoÌlicos del aceite esencial de C. articulatus se relacionaron con las propiedades antioxidantes. Los compuestos alcaloides que se encuentran en el extracto del rizoma de C. articulatus mostraron actividad anticonvulsiva. Los metabolitos de mustakona y el aÌcido linoleico que se encuentran en el extracto de rizoma de C. articulatus estaban directamente relacionados con las propiedades antioncocercales. El presente trabajo revisoÌ las propiedades meÌdicas, terapeÌuticas y farmacoloÌgicas de Cyperus articulatus.
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