Las sabanas pueden convertirse funcionalmente en bosques en la transición Amazonas/Cerrado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v11i3.1764Palabras clave:
Cerradão (Bosque de la Sabana) , Sabana densa , Marimon-Hay, constante de descomposición k, malla de la raízResumen
Las formaciones forestales adyacentes son zonas de ecotono que pueden revelarcambios en la estructura vertical de biomas tropicales, por ejemplo, en el Cerrado (Sabana brasileña). La producción de hojarasca es una métrica que refleja estas alteraciones. Así, investigamos los principales aspectos funcionales del Cerradão (Bosque de la Sabana) y Cerrado denso (Sabana densa) adyacentes en la transición Amazonas/Cerrado. Evaluamos la capa de hojarasca, la descomposición de las hojas y la malla de la raíz para verificar hasta qué punto estos parámetros están relacionados con el funcionamiento del ecosistema de las dos formaciones diferentes, bosque y sabana. El sistema integrado de capa de hojarasca/malla de la raíz es la principal condición previa para el funcionamiento del ecosistema y el equilibrio trófico de los bosques tropicales en suelos distróficos. La capa de hojarasca, la malla de la raíz y las tasas de descomposición de las hojas fueron similares en ambos ecosistemas, incluindo la liberación de carbono de la capa de hojarasca, a pesar de las diferencias florísticas y estructurales en las vegetaciones. Estas similitudes indican una densificación de la sabana adyacente con una preestructuración del funcionamiento de un ecosistema de tipo forestal, principalmente debido a la exclusión del fuego. Esto sugiere que los ecosistemas de sabana en suelos distróficos en la transición Amazonas/Cerrado tienen un alto potencial para establecer condiciones tróficas funcionales para sostener una comunidad forestal en ausencia de incendios y cambios climáticos. Desde que el clima actual no cambie a condiciones más secas y cálidas (por ejemplo, un aumento de las anomalías de El Niño), la sucesión ecológica puede desencadenarse y las sabanas pueden convertirse funcionalmente en bosques, con un aumento de las reservas de carbono del ecosistema.
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