Entomofauna de la Reserva Biológica de Tapirapé, Pará: fauna del suelo y mariposas frugívoras
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v15i1.2721Palabras clave:
Fauna del suelo , insecto , hormiga , termita , mariposaResumen
Los insectos representan el componente más diverso de la biodiversidad, pero a menudo se subestiman en los estudios de fauna. Esto ocurre en la Reserva Biológica Tapirapé (REBIOTA), que, en más de 30 años de existencia, nunca ha tenido un estudio enfocado a la entomofauna. En este trabajo presentamos el primer estudio de la entomofauna, centrándonos en la fauna del suelo, especialmente termitas y hormigas, y mariposas frugívoras. Para la fauna del suelo en general, recolectamos 20 trampas de interceptación y de caída y 20 muestras de hojarasca utilizando el mini extractor Winkler. Recolectamos termitas en 40 parcelas de 10 m², complementadas con recolecciones de búsqueda activa. Para las mariposas se utilizó la base de datos de tres campañas de monitoreo de mariposas frugívoras del Programa Monitora. Las identificaciones estuvieron al nivel de orden para fauna del suelo, género para hormigas y especies para termitas y mariposas. Recolectamos 6.681 invertebrados de 17 órdenes de insectos, además de los taxones Gastropoda, Arachnida, Chilopoda, Diplopoda y Crustacea. Recolectamos 401 muestras de termitas pertenecientes a 105 especies de cuatro familias; 2.516 hormigas de 33 géneros; y 800 mariposas de 56 especies distribuidas en 10 tribus de la familia Nymphalidae. Los resultados obtenidos ofrecen una primera visión de la entomofauna presente en REBIOTA, que cuenta actualmente con casi 170 especies de insectos conocidas, incluidas especies nuevas, como Tiunatermes, especies bioindicadoras, como las mariposas Morpho y uma hormiga potencialmente invasora, Tetramorium cf. bicarinatum. Finalmente, este trabajo resalta la urgencia de ampliar la investigación entomológica, especialmente en las áreas protegidas del Mosaico de Carajás.
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