Frugívoro de Peces en Humedales Neotropicales: Pasado, Presente y Futuro de una Interacción Única
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v9i2.777Palabras clave:
Enfoque de ecosistemas en la pesca, cámbio climático, dispersión de semillas, bosques de planes de inundación, repoblación forestalResumen
La frugivoriÌa es un haÌbito de alimentacioÌn comuÌn entre los peces, especialmente en los humedales tropicales de AmeÌrica del Sur. Esta interaccioÌn antigua evolucionoÌ hace casi 70 Ma y probablemente contribuyoÌ a definir la configuracioÌn de las comunidades de plantas en los humedales Neotropicales. DespueÌs de casi cuatro deÌcadas de investigacioÌn, apenas estamos empezando a comprender los mecanismos que influencian la frugivoriÌa y la dispersioÌn de semillas por peces. Hoy en diÌa, la persistencia de la interaccioÌn uÌnica entre los peces y los bosques se ve amenazada por los cambios en el uso de la tierra y el cambio climaÌtico global. En este artiÌculo, resalto algunas de las principales brechas de conocimiento en nuestra comprensioÌn acerca de la frugivoriÌa en peces, resumo las amenazas actuales a las interacciones entre peces y bosques, y discuto estrategias de manejo para los bosques de llanuras inundables y la pesca, incluida la adopcioÌn del Enfoque de Ecosistemas en la Pesca (EEP), propuesta por La OrganizacioÌn de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la AlimentacioÌn (FAO). EspeciÌficamente, resumo cada componente de la EEP y ofrezco perpectivas sobre su implementacioÌn en el contexto de las pesqueriÌas en planos de inundacioÌn de AmeÌrica del Sur.
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