Recovering degraded área in legal reserve in the Rosely Nunes settlement project, Itaetê, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil.

Abstract

The Rosely Nunes Settlement Project, created in june 1997, by the Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA), benefiting 160 families, is located in Itaetê city, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil, in an area comprise by Caatiga Biome. The residents of this area have as main economic activity the rainfed familiar agriculture, having the fire as usual practice for cleaning plantation areas. To subsistence in drought times, the farmers search for other alternative income generation, including the tree suppression for commercialization, act performed years ago and repressed by the local social organization. One of these areas reached by this suppression, followed by fire use to cleaning the ground surface an late cultivation of annual agricultural crops, is being object of study in an experiment in recovering degraded area in legal reserve, cover an area of 1,1 hectare. The experiment starts in November 2016, arise from a join initiative through the partnership between the Brigada Federal de Assentamento Rosely Nunes, hired by Centro Nacional de Prevenção e Combate aos Incêndios Florestais (PREVFOGO), through IBAMA and Associação Comunitária do Assentamento Rosely Nunes. The Brigada Federal is constituted by local community residents, people from other settlement and nearest cities residents, which is hired annually in emergency character, during the six critical months (august to january). Inicialy, was adopted the isolation action and plantation of pioneer native species. In the following years was realized new thickening plantation, enrichment, cultural tracts: irrigation, crowning, mulch replacement. The experiment aims, recover the degraded area besides works as demonstrative area, pilot project, with a didactic use as empirical experience in Environmental Education actives to be developed with the settle people and other. After three years, the area is in a recuperation process, with replating of withered specimen and conduction of natural regeneration. In this sense, associating degraded area recovery experiences with behavioral changes in the available natural resources tract, and with the possibilities to repair mistakes committed in the past, providing balance the socioenvironmental, productive and economic needs.