Lagartos como especies indicadoras para el monitoreo en una unidad de conservación de la Caatinga

Autores/as

  • Flávia Batista Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Goiânia/GO, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0942-8420
  • Aline Richter Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Goiânia/GO, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-153X
  • Bruna Arbo Menezes Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Goiânia/GO, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8144-5786
  • Paula Ribeiro D’Anunciação Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Goiânia/GO, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-5353
  • Hugo Bonfim de Arruda Pinto Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Goiânia/GO, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-1307
  • Arnaldo José Correia Magalhães Júnior Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco/UNIVASF, São Raimundo Nonato/PI, Brasil
  • Paulo de Marco Júnior Universidade Federal de Goiás/UFG, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-6405
  • Lara Gomes Côrtes Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Goiânia/GO, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-7589

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37002/biodiversidadebrasileira.v15i2.2522

Palabras clave:

Squamata , monitoreo ambiental , conservación , semiárido

Resumen

Durante nueve años se realizó el monitoreo de lagartos en la ESEC Raso da Catarina, abarcando las fitofisonomías de caatinga arbórea y caatinga arbórea-arbustiva. Probamos y perfeccionamos un protocolo de monitoreo para ser integrado en la caja de herramientas del Programa Monitora. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo responder preguntas cruciales para permitir el monitoreo de lagartos en áreas protegidas a través de este programa, incluida la identificación de la composición de especies y aquellas que funcionan como indicadoras para el protocolo propuesto. Los principales objetivos abordaron: (1) determinar si existían comunidades características para cada fitofisonomía; (2) si habían especies indicadoras específicas para estas fitofisonomías; y (3) si existía variación en la dinámica poblacional de las especies indicadoras a lo largo de los años. Para ello utilizamos el método de captura con el uso de trampas de caída para realizar el muestreo de especies en campo. Se utilizaron modelos lineales mixtos generalizados para evaluar si existían diferencias en la riqueza y abundancia de las fitofisonomías estudiadas. Para evaluar la diferencia en la composición entre fitofisonomías utilizamos un análisis de varianza permutacional multivariado (PERMANOVA) utilizando matrices de distancia. También se realizaron análisis de especies indicadoras (IndVal) para evaluar la relación entre las especies y cada fitofisonomía e identificar potenciales indicadores. Finalmente, calculamos la abundancia de especies indicadoras a lo largo de los años. Los resultados indicaron una diferencia en la abundancia y composición de especies entre fitofisonomías e identificaron siete especies indicadoras. También observamos disminuciones más significativas en las abundancias de las especies Tropidurus cocorobensis, Ameivula gr. ocellifera y Anotosaura vanzolinia en los años 2017 y 2021. Los lagartos demostraron ser un grupo eficaz para el monitoreo, ya que forman comunidades muy características en cada una de las fitofisonomías estudiadas y pueden responder a cambios en estos ambientes.

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Publicado

2025-06-03

Número

Vol. 15 Núm. 2 (2025): Fluxo Contínuo e Edições Temáticas: Sustentabilidade da Araucária e Programa Nacional de Monitoramento da Biodiversidade - Programa Monitora

Sección

Programa Nacional de Monitoramento da Biodiversidade - Programa Monitora

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